Computer - Memory
A reminiscence is similar to a human brain. It is used to shop records and instructions. Computer reminiscence is the garage area within the computer, where information is to be processed and commands required for processing are stored. The memory is divided into large quantity of small parts called cells. Each place or cellular has a unique address, which varies from zero to memory size minus one. For example, if the pc has 64k phrases, then this memory unit has sixty four * 1024 = 65536 memory places. The cope with of these locations varies from zero to 65535.
Memory is normally of 3 sorts −
Cache Memory
Primary Memory/Main Memory
Secondary Memory
Cache Memory
Cache reminiscence is a very high pace semiconductor reminiscence which can speed up the CPU. It acts as a buffer among the CPU and the primary memory. It is used to hold the ones components of information and software which can be most often utilized by the CPU. The parts of statistics and packages are transferred from the disk to cache reminiscence by using the running machine, from where the CPU can access them.
Advantages
The advantages of cache reminiscence are as follows −
Cache memory is faster than fundamental reminiscence.
It consumes much less get admission to time as compared to important reminiscence.
It shops this system that may be done inside a short time period.
It stores data for brief use.
Disadvantages
The disadvantages of cache reminiscence are as follows −
Cache memory has restricted potential.
It may be very expensive.
Primary Memory (Main Memory)
Primary memory holds handiest the ones records and commands on which the computer is currently running. It has a limited capability and records is lost when electricity is switched off. It is generally made of semiconductor tool. These recollections aren't as fast as registers. The records and training required to be processed resides in the most important reminiscence. It is split into subcategories RAM and ROM.
Characteristics of Main Memory
These are semiconductor memories.
It is referred to as the primary memory.
Usually volatile memory.
Data is lost in case power is switched off.
It is the running reminiscence of the computer.
Faster than secondary recollections.
A computer cannot run without the primary memory.
Secondary Memory
This form of memory is likewise referred to as external reminiscence or non-unstable. It is slower than the primary reminiscence. These are used for storing facts/records completely. CPU at once does no longer get right of entry to those reminiscences, as a substitute they're accessed thru enter-output workouts. The contents of secondary recollections are first transferred to the principle reminiscence, and then the CPU can get admission to it. For example, disk, CD-ROM, DVD, and so forth.
Characteristics of Secondary Memory
These are magnetic and optical memories.
It is called the backup memory.
It is a non-unstable memory.
Data is completely saved even if energy is switched off.
It is used for storage of statistics in a laptop.
Computer may additionally run without the secondary memory.
Slower than number one memories.
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