Computer - Operating System

Computer - Operating System

The Operating System is a software with the subsequent functions −

An working system is a software that acts as an interface among the software program and the pc hardware.

It is an included set of specialised programs used to manage usual sources and operations of the pc.

It is a specialised software program that controls and monitors the execution of all different packages which can be living within the computer, such as software applications and other machine software program.

 

Objectives of Operating System

The goals of the working system are −

To make the pc system handy to use in an efficient manner.

To hide the info of the hardware assets from the customers.

To offer customers a handy interface to use the computer device.

To act as an intermediary among the hardware and its users, making it simpler for the customers to get admission to and use different resources.

To manipulate the sources of a computer gadget.

To maintain track of who is the use of which resource, granting resource requests, and mediating conflicting requests from distinctive programs and users.

To provide efficient and truthful sharing of assets amongst users and applications.

Characteristics of Operating System

Here is a listing of some of the maximum distinguished characteristic features of Operating Systems −

Memory Management − Keeps tune of the number one reminiscence, i.E. What a part of it's miles in use via whom, what component is not in use, and so on. And allocates the reminiscence while a system or software requests it.

Processor Management − Allocates the processor (CPU) to a method and deallocates the processor while it is not required.

Device Management − Keeps music of all of the gadgets. This is also known as I/O controller that decides which manner receives the device, when, and for how a great deal time.

File Management − Allocates and de-allocates the resources and comes to a decision who gets the assets.

Security − Prevents unauthorized get admission to to applications and data through passwords and other comparable techniques.

Job Accounting − Keeps tune of time and assets utilized by numerous jobs and/or customers.

Control Over System Performance − Records delays among the request for a carrier and from the machine.

Interaction with the Operators − Interaction may take region via the console of the laptop inside the shape of instructions. The Operating System acknowledges the same, does the corresponding movement, and informs the operation by means of a display display.

Error-detecting Aids − Production of dumps, strains, errors messages, and different debugging and error-detecting methods.

Coordination Between Other Software and Users − Coordination and mission of compilers, interpreters, assemblers, and different software to the numerous users of the pc systems. 

 

Computer - Internet and Intranet

In this chapter, we are able to see what's Internet and Intranet, as well as speak the similarities and variations between the two.

Internet

It is a global/global system of interconnected computer networks. It makes use of the same old Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Every computer in Internet is diagnosed via a unique IP cope with. IP Address is a unique set of numbers (which includes one hundred ten.22.33.114) which identifies a computer’s region.

A special pc DNS (Domain Name Server) is used to provide a name to the IP Address in order that the person can find a laptop through a name. For instance, a DNS server will solve a call https://www.Google.Com to a particular IP deal with to uniquely pick out the computer on which this website is hosted.

Internet is available to each user all around the global.

Intranet

Intranet is the machine in which more than one PCs are related to every different. PCs in intranet are not available to the sector out of doors the intranet. Usually each organisation has its own Intranet network and individuals/personnel of that organisation can access the computers of their intranet.

Each pc in Intranet is likewise diagnosed by way of an IP Address that's particular some of the computer systems in that Intranet.

Similarities between Internet and Intranet

Intranet uses the internet protocols along with TCP/IP and FTP.

Intranet websites are available through the net browser in a similar way as web sites within the internet. However, simplest participants of Intranet community can get right of entry to intranet hosted web sites.

In Intranet, personal instant messengers may be used as just like yahoo messenger/gtalk over the internet.

Differences among Internet and Intranet

Internet is fashionable to PCs everywhere in the world while Intranet is precise to few PCs.

Internet provides a much wider and better get entry to to web sites to a big populace, whereas Intranet is restrained.

Internet isn't as safe as Intranet. Intranet may be appropriately privatized as in step with the want.