Computer Fundamental Concept

Computer Fundamental Concept

Computer Fundamental Concept A pc is essentially a programmable gadget succesful to perform arithmetic and logical operations robotically and sequentially. It is likewise referred to as a data processor, as it can shop, system, and retrieve statistics as in step with the wish of the user.

Computer

A computer is basically a programmable machine capable to perform arithmetic and logical operations automatically and sequentially. It is also known as a data processor, as it can store, process, and retrieve data as per the wish of the user.



Data processing involves the following three activities −

Input of data

Manipulation/processing of data

Giving output (i.e. management of output result)

In computer system, data is arranged orderly and systematically.

The term “computer” is derived from a Latin term “compute,” which means ‘to calculate.’ Initially, the computer system had been designed to calculate; it was intended to be a computing device. However, over a period of time, this device technically advanced; at present, it can perform a wide range of desirable works apart from data processing.

Major Functions of Computer System

Following are the core functions of a computer system −

A computer accepts the command and/or data as input given by the user.

A computer follows the instructions and stores the data given by the user.

A computer processes the data as per the instructions given by the user.

A computer gives the desirable results in the form of output.

Salient Features of Computer System

Following are the salient features of a Computer System −

Automation − The operating system of a computer system is automatic, as no human intervention is required; simply you need to give the command and then it will do the work automatically.

Speed − Depending upon the power of the computer, it can perform, it can take Millions of instructions per second.

Storage − A computer system can store enormous quantity of data in different format. The storage capacity of a computer system is normally expressed in terms of Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB), Gigabytes (GB), or Terabytes (TB).

Accuracy − The accuracy of a computer system is very high.

Versatility − A computer system is capable of performing a wide range of tasks.

Diligence − A computer neither get tired nor lose concentration.

Reliability − As a computer system always gives accurate result; therefore, its reliability is very high.

Vast memory − A computer system can have a wide range of memory which can recall the desired data at any point of time.

Evolution of Computer System

The present Computer System has evolved after centuries of efforts from different intellectuals who contributed their works during different periods of time.

Abacus is (most likely) considered as the earlier counting device.

Let us now read about the innovators who contributed immensely in the development of a computer system.

John Napier

Napier was a Scottish mathematician who invented logarithms.

Further, Napier also invented a computing device, which consisted of sticks with numbers imprinted on them. Napier named sticks ‘bones,’ as they were made up of bones.

Blaise Pascal

Pascal was a French mathematician who invented a machine based on gear wheels, which helped greatly in calculation.

Charles Babbage

Babbage was an English Polymath, Mathematician, Mechanical Engineer, Philosopher, and Inventor. In 1822, he developed a machine capable to calculate the successive difference of expression and prepared a table which helped him in his calculations.

Lady Ada Lovelace

Lovelace was an English mathematician, who researched on Babbage’s work. She has given the concept that ‘computers can be programmed’. Her work helped a great deal in the advancement of computer system.

John Atanstoff

With the assistance of Berry, John Atanstoff developed the Atanstoff Berry Computer (more popular as ABC) in 1937. It marked the beginning of the development of electronic digital computer.

John Mauchly and Eckart

In 1947, John Mauchly and Eckart developed the first large scale Electronic Digital Computer. It was called the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC).

Maurice V. Wilkes

In 1949, Wilkes (at Cambridge University) designed Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC). It was the first computer that started its operating system on the stored program concept.

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Data processing involves the subsequent 3 sports −

Input of statistics

Manipulation/processing of information

Giving output (i.E. Management of output result)

In computer device, information is organized orderly and systematically.

The time period “computer” is derived from a Latin time period “compute,” which means ‘to calculate.’ Initially, the pc device had been designed to calculate; it became intended to be a computing tool. However, over a time period, this tool technically superior; at present, it can perform a wide range of appropriate works other than records processing.

Major Functions of Computer System

Following are the core capabilities of a computer device −

A pc accepts the command and/or data as input given via the user.

A pc follows the instructions and shops the facts given by the consumer.

A pc tactics the records as per the commands given by means of the person.

A computer offers the appropriate effects within the shape of output.

Salient Features of Computer System

Following are the salient functions of a Computer System −

Automation − The operating machine of a computer machine is computerized, as no human intervention is needed; truly you want to provide the command after which it's going to do the work mechanically.

Speed − Depending upon the energy of the computer, it is able to carry out, it may take Millions of instructions in line with 2d.

Storage − A computer gadget can keep extensive amount of statistics in extraordinary format. The garage potential of a pc machine is commonly expressed in phrases of Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB), Gigabytes (GB), or Terabytes (TB).

Accuracy − The accuracy of a computer system is very excessive.

Versatility − A laptop gadget is capable of performing a huge range of duties.

Diligence − A computer neither get tired nor lose attention.

Reliability − As a laptop device constantly gives accurate end result; consequently, its reliability could be very high.

Vast reminiscence − A laptop system will have a extensive range of reminiscence which could keep in mind the desired information at any point of time.

Evolution of Computer System

The gift Computer System has advanced after centuries of efforts from unique intellectuals who contributed their works during distinct durations of time.

Abacus is (maximum in all likelihood) considered as the sooner counting tool.

Let us now study about the innovators who contributed immensely in the development of a computer system.

John Napier

Napier turned into a Scottish mathematician who invented logarithms.

Further, Napier additionally invented a computing tool, which consisted of sticks with numbers imprinted on them. Napier named sticks ‘bones,’ as they were made from bones.

Blaise Pascal

Pascal became a French mathematician who invented a system based totally on tools wheels, which helped greatly in calculation.

Charles Babbage

Babbage was an English Polymath, Mathematician, Mechanical Engineer, Philosopher, and Inventor. In 1822, he developed a system capable to calculate the successive distinction of expression and prepared a desk which helped him in his calculations.

Lady Ada Lovelace

Lovelace was an English mathematician, who researched on Babbage’s paintings. She has given the concept that ‘computers can be programmed’. Her paintings helped a top notch deal within the development of pc device.

John Atanstoff

With the assistance of Berry, John Atanstoff developed the Atanstoff Berry Computer (greater popular as ABC) in 1937. It marked the beginning of the development of digital digital pc.

John Mauchly and Eckart

In 1947, John Mauchly and Eckart evolved the first big scale Electronic Digital Computer. It become known as the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC).

Maurice V. Wilkes

In 1949, Wilkes (at Cambridge University) designed Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC). It turned into the primary laptop that started out its working machine on the saved application idea.